Transition+metals+7+and+8


 * Element || Symbol || Appearance || Atomic # || Atomic Mass || # of proton's || # of valence electron/s || # of shells || Melting point || Atomic Radius || Discovery Date ||
 * Iron || Fe || Lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge || 26 || 55.845 || 26 || 3d⁶4s² || 4 || 1811 K, 1538 °C, 2800 °F || 126 pm || unknown ||
 * Ruthenuim || Ru || Silvery white metallic || 44 || 101.07 || 44 || 4d⁷5s || 5 || 2607 K, 2334 °C, 4233 °F || 134 pm || 1844 ||
 * Osmium || Os || Silvery, blue cast || 76 || 190.23 || 76 || 5d⁶6s² || 6 || 3306 K, 3033 °C, 5491 °F || 135 pm || 1803 ||
 * Hassium || Hs || Unknown, probably silvery, white or metallic gray || 108 || 270 || 108 || 6d⁶7s² || 7 || unknown || unknown || 1984 ||
 * Manganese || Mn || Silvery metallic || 25 || 54.938045 || 25 || 3d54s2 || 4 || 1519 K, 1246 °C, 2275 °F || 127 pm || 1770 ||
 * Technetium || Tc || Shiny gray metal || 43 || 98 || 43 || 4d⁶5s¹ || 5 || 2430 K, 2157 °C, 3915 °F || 136 pm || 1828 ||
 * Rhenium || Re || Grayish white || 75 || 186.207 || 75 || 5d56s2 || 6 || 3459 K, 3186 °C, 5767 °F || 137 pm || 1914 ||
 * Bohrium (formerly Nielsbohrium) || Ns/Bh || Radioactive synthetic metal || 107 || 272 || 107 || 6d⁵7s² || 7 || unknown || unknown || 1975 ||

trends: In the information table of elements, we can see the trends that in the 2 different groups: the atomic number, atomic mass, # of protons, # of valence electron/s, # of shells, melting point and atomic radius increase each time you look at them from the first to last. Also the atomic # and teh # of protons is the same amount. compounds: Iron – compounds that irons form include: oxides, hydroxides, halides, acetates, carbonates sulphides, nitrates, sulphates and many more complex irons. Iron is chemically active. There are 2 major compounds: bivalent iron (II) also known as ferrous and the trivalent iron (III) also known as ferric. Ruthenium – its compounds resemble those of osmium. Osmium – ?? Hassium - ?? Manganese – ?? Technetium - ?? Rhenium – some compounds include: halides, oxides and sulphides Bohrium - ??
 * 1. Can you see any trends in the information collected?? ||
 * The atomic number, atomic mass, # of protons, # of valence electron/s, # of shells, melting point and atomic radius is a trend because they increase for each group. Another trend is that the 'atomic #' and the '# of proton's' is the same. ||
 * 2. How are the elements of this family the same?? ||
 * The elements of this family are the same because of their metal colour. ||
 * 3. How are the elements of this family different?? ||
 * The appearence of each element is different. ||

** Iron - ** Iron is arguably the most important metal of the transition metals since their useful, recyclable, cheap and common. In general iron is mostly used with carbon to make steel which is both flexible and strong. It is a strong reductant which means it will react readily with oxygen, for this reason iron is often found in nature in compounds such as Fe2O3. As a solid, iron exists as a lattice much like other metals in the transition block.  ** Ruthenium - ** Ruthenium is one of the best hardeners for addition to palladium or platinum. It is mainly used in the production of electrical contacts and is often smelted with other metals to create alloys that are stronger.

** Osmium - ** Osmium is the densest element found in nature, its density is close to twice that of lead. For this reason Osmium is often used in alloys to create metals with great strength, hardness and durability such as the metal alloys used to make fountain pen tips and electrical contacts.

**Hassium -** practical uses have not been found, because only seven atoms have been made.

** Manganese - ** Manganese, a useful element, has many qualities that give it a wide range of functions. Primarily manganese is used as an oxidant in fuels such as potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate and lithium permanganate. It often oxidises in the presence of air since it is such a good oxidant as evident in the various compounds listed above, therefore being a part of these permanganate compounds manganese exists with a charge of positive five.

** Technetium - ** Technetium is used as a radioactive isotope in a similar way to cobalt for the treatment of illnesses such as cancer and brain tumours that have developed to a great degree within the patient

** Rhenium - ** Named after the Rhine River, Rhenium is mainly used with platinum as a catalyst to produce lead free high octane fuel. Rhenium is also used to create superalloys which are used to make jet engine parts. Rhenium catalysts are great for resistance to poisoning from nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus.

** Bohrium - ** Only small amounts of Bohrium have been made, therefore it has limited uses.