Alkali+Metals

Alkali Metals Alkali metals also known as alkaline metals, Group I. This family consists of the elements Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium (Fr). They are all very reactive because they all have only one electron on their outer shell, making them unbalanced. You will find that alkali metals are shiny and light in weight, they are never found in elemental forms in nature, and are soft metals of low density.  __Element: Rubidium __ Symbol: Rb  Appearance: Rubidium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element, solid at room temperature. State: Solid   Rubidium in a glass tube.   Atomic Number: 37 Atomic Mass: 85,4678g Number of Protons/electrons: 37 Density:  1.532 g/cm3 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Number of shells: 5 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Melting point: 312 <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">o <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">C <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Boiling Point: 961 <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">o <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">C <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Discovery Date: Rubidium was discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff in 1861. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">The Uses of the Element: Rubidium has been used in dating rocks, gives a purple colour for fireworks and Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Reactivity: Rubidium reacts violently in water, forming corrosive rubidium hydroxide (RbOH) and hydrogen gas, which is formed by the heat of the reaction. Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame colour. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">[|http://www].Chemicool.com/elements/rubidium.html <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Element: Cesium <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Symbol: Cs  <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Appearance: Cesium is silvery-gold <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">State: solid <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="color: blue; display: none; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">   <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Atomic Number: 55 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Number of protons/electrons: 55 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Density: <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> 1.873 g/cm3 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Number of shells: 6 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Melting Point: 28.4 <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">o <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">C <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Boiling Point: 670 <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">o <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">C <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Discovery: Cesium was discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff in 1860. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Uses of the Element: Cesium is used in atomic clocks which are extremely accurate, also used in photoelectric cells and used as a getter in vacuum tubes. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Reactivity: Cesium is extremely reactive; it reacts explosively to water producing Cesium Hydroxide (CsOH), an extremely strong base that can rapidly corrode glass. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/cs.html <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Element: Francium <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Symbol: Fr  <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Appearance: Francium is metallic, it a heavy unstable, radioactive metal. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">State: solid <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Atomic Number: 87 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Number of protons/Electrons: 87 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Density: <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> 1.873 g/cm3 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Number of shells: 7 <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Melting Point: 27 <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">o <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">C <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Boiling Point: 677 <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">o <span style="color: #29303b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">C <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Discovery: Francium was discovered by Marguerite Perey in 1939. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Uses of the Element: There are no uses for Francium due to it being rare and unstable. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Reactivity: Francium is not available in sufficient quantities to show it reacting in water, because Francium is the second rarest element in the Earth’s crust because there is less than thirty grams Francium exists on Earth. In theory Francium would be more reactive than cesium and sodium. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 20pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 20pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 20pt;">